Figure 5: Change in working location from before lockdown to October
| Working location | N | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| No WFH | 2084 | 76% |
| Some WFH | 547 | 20% |
| 100% WFH | 111 | 4% |
| Before lockdown | Change in working location compared to October 2020 | N | % of that category |
|---|---|---|---|
| No WFH | No WFH | 1168 | 56% |
| Some WFH | 354 | 17% | |
| 100% WFH | 562 | 27% | |
| Some WFH | No WFH | 39 | 7% |
| Some WFH | 106 | 19% | |
| 100% WFH | 402 | 73% | |
| 100% WFH | No WFH | 13 | 12% |
| Some WFH | 14 | 13% | |
| 100% WFH | 84 | 76% |
| Working location | N | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| No WFH | 1220 | 44% |
| Some WFH | 474 | 17% |
| 100% WFH | 1048 | 38% |
[Figure 5 ends]
Figure 6: Mean percentage of days working from home before lockdown and in October 2020 in each LA Subgroup
| Local authority subgroup | % days WFH before lockdown | % days WFH in October |
|---|---|---|
| City Periphery | 16% | 55% |
| Country Living | 7% | 37% |
| Ethnically Diverse Metropolitan Living | 13% | 45% |
| Industrial and Multi-ethnic | 10% | 36% |
| Larger Towns and Cities | 10% | 44% |
| London Cosmopolitan | 18% | 68% |
| Manufacturing Legacy | 11% | 39% |
| Mining Legacy | 7% | 42% |
| Older Farming Communities | 12% | 31% |
| Prosperous Semi-rural | 9% | 44% |
| Prosperous Towns | 11% | 45% |
| Rural-Urban Fringe | 5% | 36% |
| Scottish Countryside | 11% | 40% |
| Scottish Industrial Legacy | 9% | 39% |
| Service Economy | 10% | 36% |
| Sparse English and Welsh Countryside | 4% | 28% |
| University Towns and Cities | 13% | 46% |
| Urban Living | 13% | 41% |
| Local authority subgroup | % days WFH in October |
|---|---|
| City Periphery | 246% |
| Country Living | 407% |
| Ethnically Diverse Metropolitan Living | 236% |
| Industrial and Multi-ethnic | 248% |
| Larger Towns and Cities | 350% |
| London Cosmopolitan | 275% |
| Manufacturing Legacy | 239% |
| Mining Legacy | 488% |
| Older Farming Communities | 153% |
| Prosperous Semi-rural | 409% |
| Prosperous Towns | 312% |
| Rural-Urban Fringe | 615% |
| Scottish Countryside | 277% |
| Scottish Industrial Legacy | 338% |
| Service Economy | 256% |
| Sparse English and Welsh Countryside | 538% |
| University Towns and Cities | 254% |
| Urban Living | 223% |
[Figure 6 ends]
Figure 7: Change in mode used to travel to work from before lockdown for those still travelling to work in October
| Transport mode | N | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Car driver | 861 | 57% |
| Car passenger | 61 | 4% |
| Bus / Tram | 214 | 14% |
| Walking | 218 | 14% |
| Cycling | 64 | 4% |
| Transport mode before lockdown | Mode | Percentage change in that category |
|---|---|---|
| Car driver | Car driver | 57 |
| Car passenger | 1 | |
| Bus / Tram | 1 | |
| Car passenger | Car driver | 13 |
| Car passenger | 67 | |
| Bus / Tram | 3 | |
| Walking | 8 | |
| Cycling | 5 | |
| Bus / Tram | Car driver | 10 |
| Car passenger | 7 | |
| Bus / Tram | 64 | |
| Walking | 10 | |
| Cycling | 3 | |
| Walking | Car driver | 5 |
| Bus / Tram | 5 | |
| Walking | 85 | |
| Cycling | 2 | |
| Cycling | Car driver | 5 |
| Car passenger | 5 | |
| Bus / Tram | 2 | |
| Walking | 6 | |
| Cycling | 75 |
| Transport mode | N | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Car driver | 889 | 59% |
| Car passenger | 70 | 5% |
| Bus / Tram | 157 | 10% |
| Walking | 231 | 15% |
| Cycling | 67 | 4% |
[Figure 7 ends]
Figure 8: Changes in Average Index of Deprivation from before lockdown to October
| Working from home | Before | October |
|---|---|---|
| No WFH | 23.4 | 24.4 |
| Partial WFH | 19.9 | 21.2 |
| 100% WFH | 22.6 | 21.3 |
[Figure 8 ends]
Figure 9: Percentage of workers in each of the top 6 job sectors responsible for the most working from home in each Local Authority Subgroup
| Local authority subgroup | Financial services | Accountancy | Legal | IT & telecoms | Media/ marketing | Real estate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| London Cosmopolitan | 6% | 5% | 2% | 9% | 10% | 2% |
| City Periphery | 4% | 6% | 4% | 8% | 10% | 2% |
| University Towns and Cities | 8% | 1% | 1% | 5% | 7% | 3% |
| Prosperous Towns | 2% | 5% | 3% | 10% | 1% | 0% |
| Ethnically Diverse Metropolitan Living | 3% | 1% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 3% |
| Larger Towns and Cities | 6% | 2% | 1% | 6% | 4% | 1% |
| Prosperous Semi-rural | 13% | 0% | 0% | 5% | 3% | 0% |
| Mining Legacy | 4% | 4% | 4% | 11% | 0% | 0% |
| Urban Living | 4% | 5% | 4% | 6% | 4% | 0% |
| Scottish Countryside | 3% | 1% | 1% | 6% | 0% | 0% |
| Manufacturing Legacy | 8% | 2% | 1% | 7% | 0% | 0% |
| Scottish Industrial Legacy | 6% | 0% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 1% |
| Country Living | 4% | 2% | 1% | 5% | 2% | 0% |
| Service Economy | 4% | 3% | 2% | 5% | 1% | 0% |
| Rural-Urban Fringe | 9% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Industrial and Multi-ethnic | 5% | 1% | 2% | 5% | 3% | 3% |
| Older Farming Communities | 3% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 3% | 3% |
| Sparse English and Welsh Countryside | 7% | 0% | 0% | 4% | 0% | 4% |
| Local authority subgroup | % days WFH in October |
|---|---|
| London Cosmopolitan | 68% |
| City Periphery | 55% |
| University Towns and Cities | 46% |
| Prosperous Towns | 45% |
| Ethnically Diverse Metropolitan Living | 45% |
| Larger Towns and Cities | 44% |
| Prosperous Semi-rural | 44% |
| Mining Legacy | 42% |
| Urban Living | 41% |
| Scottish Countryside | 40% |
| Manufacturing Legacy | 39% |
| Scottish Industrial Legacy | 39% |
| Country Living | 37% |
| Service Economy | 36% |
| Rural-Urban Fringe | 36% |
| Industrial and Multi-ethnic | 36% |
| Older Farming Communities | 31% |
| Sparse English and Welsh Countryside | 28% |
[Figure 9 ends]
Figure 10: Commute mode share in respondent’s residential area according to 2011 Census by before lockdown work pattern
| Commute mode | % No WFH | % Partial WFH | 100% WFH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Car or van | 45.6 | 43.7 | 45.5 |
| Car passenger | 6.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 |
| Train | 3.8 | 4.8 | 4 |
| Bus | 12.7 | 12 | 11.7 |
| Bicycle | 2.7 | 3.5 | 3.4 |
| Walk (ns) | 14.9 | 14.5 | 14.2 |
| WFH | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.8 |
[Figure 10 ends]
Figure 11: Commute mode share in respondent’s residential area according to 2011 Census by October work pattern.
| Commute mode | % No WFH | % Partial WFH | 100% WFH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Car or van | 46.5 | 44.4 | 43.4 |
| Car passenger | 6.9 | 6.1 | 5.8 |
| Train | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4.3 |
| Bus | 12.7 | 12.2 | 12.4 |
| Bicycle | 2.5 | 3 | 3.4 |
| Walk (ns) | 2.5 | 3 | 3.4 |
| WFH | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 |
[Figure 11 ends]
Figure 12: Average days per week worked from home according to ‘before’ commute mode
| Commute mode | Number of days before Covid | Number of days October 20 |
|---|---|---|
| Car Driver | 0.31 | 1.81 |
| Car Passenger | 0.26 | 1.46 |
| Van | 0.17 | 0.56 |
| Bus | 0.31 | 2.59 |
| Train | 0.72 | 3.38 |
| Tram/ Underground | 0.53 | 2.96 |
| Cycle | 0.38 | 2.43 |
| Walk or Wheel | 0.33 | 1.87 |
| Average all modes | 0.35 | 2.06 |
[Figure 12 ends]
Figure 13: Differences in travel times by car, bike and public transport
| Transport mode and destination | No WFH | Partial WFH | 100% WFH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Employment > 500 – PT*** | 11.7 | 10.8 | 10.1 |
| Employment > 500 – Bike*** | 9.6 | 8.9 | 8.4 |
| Employment > 500 – Car* | 7 | 7.2 | 6.8 |
| Employment > 5000 – PT*** | 28.2 | 25.7 | 25.3 |
| Employment > 5000 – Bike*** | 24.2 | 22.7 | 21.1 |
| Employment > 5000 – Car*** | 15.9 | 15.1 | 14.5 |
| Primary school – Bike* | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6.7 |
| Primary school – Car*** | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 |
| Hospital – PT** | 29.7 | 28.4 | 27.6 |
| Hospital – Bike*** | 22.8 | 21.4 | 20.8 |
| Town Centre – PT** | 16.2 | 16.1 | 15 |
| Town Centre – Bike* | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.1 |
| Town Centre – Car* | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.6 |
[Figure 13 ends]
Figure 14: Comparison of potential percentage reduction in commute trips and miles per mode
| Commute mode | Car drivers | Bus | Train | Bike | Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % of days worked at home before | 6 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 6 |
| % of days worked at home October | 34 | 5 | 65 | 47 | 35 |
| % additional reduction in trips | 11 | 19 | 20 | 17 | 11 |
| % additional reduction in miles | 17 | 21 | 27 | 21 | 15 |
[Figure 14 ends]
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